sciresНаучные исследования экономического факультета. Электронный журналScientific Research of Faculty of Economics. Electronic Journal2078-3809Moscow State University10.38050/2078-3809-2017-9-4-52-70scires-80Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНО-ТРУДОВЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯLABOR ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL-LABOR RELATIONSСОЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ И КУЛЬТУРНОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ В ТРУДОВЫХ КОЛЛЕКТИВАХ: РИСКИ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИSOCIAL-DEMOGRAFICANDCULTURALDIVERSITYINTHE WORKFORCE: RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIESИвановаОльга АлександровнаIvanovaOlgaolga_1201@mail.ruМГУ имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation201728122017945270Copyright © Иванова О.А., 20172017Иванова О.А.Ivanova O.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://scires.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/80

Социально-демографическое и культурное разнообразие является неотъемлемой частью современного рынка труда и оказывает существенное влияние на социально-трудовые отношения в рамках гетерогенных коллективов. Результаты исследований в данной сфере неоднозначны. Положительные эффекты (возможности) связываются с разнообразием знаний, взглядов и подходов к решению стоящих перед коллективом задач, что стимулирует креативность и создает благоприятную среду для инноваций. Отрицательные эффекты (риски) возникают как следствие сегрегации на рынке труда, как обратная реакция на антидискриминационные меры, а также в результате внутригрупповых конфликтов, снижающих результаты деятельности трудового коллектива и удовлетворенность совместной работой. Разнообразие может существовать не только на межличностном (внутригрупповом), но и на внутриличностном уровне. Внутриличностное разнообразие, возникающее вследствие получения разнопланового жизненного и профессионального опыта, способствует накоплению человеческого и социального капитала, развивает креативность, а также помогает индивидам эффективно взаимодействовать с другими участниками рабочей группы.

Social-demographic and cultural diversityis an important trend in the modern labor market and has a significant impact on social and labor relations within heterogeneous groups. The research in this area has ambiguous results. Positive effects (opportunities) are associated with a diversity of knowledge, perspectives and approaches to problem-solving within the group, which stimulates creativity and creates a favorable environment for innovation. Negative effects (risks) arise as a result of segregation in the labor market, as a backfire to anti-discrimination measures, and as a result of intra-group conflicts that reduce the group performance and satisfaction with teamwork. Diversity can exist not only on the interpersonal (intra-group) level, but also on the intrapersonal level. Intrapersonal diversity that results from diverse life and professional experience contributes to the accumulation of human and social capital, boosts creativity, and helps individuals to interact effectively with other members of the working group.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.