In the 21st century, many countries intend to pursue the sustainable development goals, which were developed and defined by the UN General Assembly in the form of 17 interrelated objectives. The following regulated goals will ensure sustainable development in existing conditions and will form the foundation for a future development. To incorporate the energy transition process into national economic development, many countries are accepting appropriate low-carbon development strategies. The foundation of the strategy adopted in Russia is intersectoral calculations (estimates) as an environmental and climatic component. The target of this analysis is research philosophical-methodological foundations of economic-mathematical tools, which is used to identify structural changes (shifts) due to the energy transition and to ensure sustainable development of the Russian economy. Furthermore, the article shows a comparison of two models. The first of these tools is input-output tables, which is demonstrated in the report of the UN group of experts headed by V. Leontyev, and second is Meadows’ method, which is illustrated in first report of the Club of Rome. This comparison allows to justify the usage of tools, proposed by V. Leontyev, to assess the socio-economic consequences of the energy transition to provide the sustainable development of the national economy.

On many markets digital platforms hold a dominant position, which requires an assessment of their actions from an antitrust point of view. To do this, it is necessary to assess the boundaries of the relevant market, which is associated with a number of methodological problems. Firstly, due to the presence of the phenomenon of zero prices, traditional methodology can produce incorrect results. Secondly, digital platforms function on multisided markets and thus it is required to define market boundaries for each group of agents.
In this article theoretical approaches to assessing market boundaries for digital platforms and antitrust practice are considered. The paper dwells on the theoretical and methodological aspects of the definition of market boundaries for digital platforms and how these definitions turn into antitrust practices and influence the decisions made by regulatory authorities. The author argues that it's the market boundaries' definition that was the key influence on many antitrust proceedings against digital platforms. In addition, methodological approaches to determining market boundaries of Russian and foreign antimonopoly regulators are compared. Based on this analysis, an approach to determining market boundaries for digital platforms is proposed.

The article analyzes the competition and the level of dominance in the Russian food retail market for the period 2015-2022. A total of 36 companies were analyzed. The Lynd and Herfindahl–Hirschman indices, as well as the SV (strength/variety) matrix, were used as analytical tools. As the results of the study showed, the food retail industry in Russia is highly competitive. Over the past eight years, the combined share of key players has increased, but does not exceed 30%, and therefore it was concluded that there is no dominance in the food retail market in Russia. Due to the active process of acquisitions and mergers by key players, 2 main players have formed: X5 Group and PJSC Magnit, and there is also a high saturation of small companies. It is worth noting that despite the pandemic and instability.

Among the priorities in modern Russia is the modernization of the entire system of social protection of citizens and increasing its effectiveness. One of the most effective mechanisms for such modernization may be the introduction of a single Standard of social well-being for the whole country. The article substantiates the necessity and relevance of adopting this Standard in our country on the basis of social and economic indicators. Some recent measures taken at the state level aimed at implementing the principles and elements of this Standard are analyzed. The author's vision of what the content of the Standard of Social Well-being should be, how much public services, public goods and monetary payments it should guarantee to Russian citizens is presented.

Digital transformation has a significant impact on the labor market as a whole and on social and labor relations within each individual organization. This study examines the evolution of perspectives on the application of information technologies in the functioning of the organizational unit responsible for Human Resources. Study use a comprehensive chronological analysis of over 70 scientific works published from the 1970s to the present. Results indicate that an increase in the intensity of the influence of information technologies on the Human Resources, as well as on social-labor relationships. This influence has evolved, starting from the use of computers as a means of storing personnel information and the potential for remote working, and culminating in the global impact of modern information technologies on social-labor relationships and labor market – the emergence of new forms of employment, changes in the job management, the simultaneous creation of new jobs and the threat to many existing ones. Additionally, study introduces analysis of the evolution of perspectives on the ethical component of digitalizing labor relations and personnel policy.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the demographic situation and key problems over the past three decades, the causes of their occurrence. There is a stable depopulation of people with all the ensuing socio-economic consequences. Based on the analyzed period of the demographic picture, the author notes an effective, systemically correct demographic policy is needed in combination with a course towards deepening the integration of South Ossetia with the Russian Federation.

This review presents the discussion on the topic «Russia – World – Russia: Problems, Configurations, Outcomes», held at the Faculty of Economics of the Moscow State University within the International Scientific Conference «Russia in the struggle for Russia: statehood and society, economy and culture, global conflicts and peacemaking», ran by the The Philosophy of Economics Research Lab along with the scientific council "Center for Social Sciences" of the Moscow State University and held in a mixed format. The discussion participants expressed their vision of the current political and economic situation, the role and prospects of Russia.