The evolution of economic theory leads to the need to move away from the usual dichotomy of micro- and macroeconomics and to define a new level in the hierarchy of economic knowledge - meso-economy. Despite extensive discussions among scientists, a consensus on the content of mesoeconomics as a new economic paradigm has not yet emerged. The article carried out a retrospective review of scientific works, as a result of the content analysis of which the main approaches to the determination of meso-level components were classified. A regional ecosystem model has been developed, which includes groups of key and supporting organizations, that taking into account the heterogeneity and multidimensional environment in which they operate. The obtained results will make it possible to supplement the approaches to the analysis of the meso-level, as a complex hierarchical structure, and to study the social and economic processes taking into account their systemic and non-linearity.

Technological innovations that significantly change the reproduction process have always been in the field of interest of economic science. The phenomena of digitalization today affect all phases of reproduction and the specifics of capital turnover. To study their specific features, it seems appropriate to use some approaches developed by K. Marx, taking into account the emergence of new types of capital turnover. Marx, taking into account the emergence of new types of goods and services. The methodological basis of the research was the system approach and methods of comparative and statistical analysis. The scientific result of the article is the identification of the nature of the phases of the reproduction process in the conditions of the ongoing digital transformation, taking into account the specifics of changes in the proportions of the use of factors of production, in particular, labor and capital. It is necessary to pay attention to the most promising areas of innovation implementation, the social aspect and the institutional component that ensures the sustainable functioning of reproduction processes both within the national framework and in the context of the global economy.

The article is devoted to a review of research by representatives of the new Austrian theory (hereinafter – NAT), devoted to the use of artificial intelligence (hereinafter – AI) in business activities. The first part examines the position of NAT representatives regarding the possibility of replacing a human entrepreneur with artificial intelligence; the second part highlights the new opportunities that, according to NAT representatives, the use of AI as a new tool opens up for entrepreneurs.

The state of the budgets of the regions of the Russian Federation directly affects the level and quality of life of their residents, predetermining the possibilities for the socio-economic development of a given territory. Hence, special attention is paid to the financial and economic sustainability of the region’s budgets, the optimal and rational use of public finances to achieve both current and long-term development goals, which is especially important in the context of complex geopolitical and geo-economic challenges for the Russian economy. The focus of the authors of the work, who continue research in this area, is the influence of the budgetary provision of the regions of the NorthWestern Federal District (NWFD) on the quality and standard of living of citizens living within the boundaries of the territories included in its composition. Based on the study of the budgets of the selected subjects of the Russian Federation, the general and special in the formation and use of budgetary funds of the regions, their priorities in the distribution of cash flows to ensure the safe socio-economic development of the territories are highlighted. The relationship between the structure of regional expenditures and the quality of life of the population of these regions is shown. Measures are proposed to increase budgetary sustainability and simultaneously increase the well-being of residents of the Northwestern Federal District.

The purpose of the research is to identify the benefits of sustainable development of companies in the fashion industry in terms of changes in consumer loyalty. The relevance of sustainable development of companies in the fashion industry is considered. External factors that can further motivate companies towards sustainable development, global and Russian experience of companies in the fashion industry in approaching sustainable development and carbon neutrality have been studied. Additional measures that firms can take in this area are suggested. The change in consumer attitudes and loyalty when companies in the fashion industry apply sustainable development practices is studied. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that consumer loyalty to a brand increases when it applies sustainable development practices. It was concluded that sustainable development of companies in the fashion industry is an important process and that there is significant potential and prospects for the development of this industry in terms of developing new practices and increasing consumer awareness on this issue.

The modern labor market requires development of new employees’ professional competencies that allow them to adapt to changes and provide their own competitiveness. One of the tools for developing the necessary competencies and preparing a future specialist to enter the labor market during the education period is internship. Purpose of the research is to assess the demand for internship within the educational program to gain additional practice-oriented experience. The authors conducted a study to evaluate internship by students of the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University based on a questionnaire with developed criteria. The results of the study show the relevance of internship for a future specialist within the framework of a competency-based approach.

The article presents an overview of the discussion that is hold on February 21, 2024 at the regular session of the theoretical seminar «Discussion Problems of Modern Social Science and Economic Thought» on the topic «Fictitious Network Financialism as a Phantom of Posteconomy» at Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University in a mixed format.

The review examines the textbook by Sergey N. Bobylev «Economics of Sustainable Development». We assess the relevance of this textbook for teaching students a relatively new field for Russian economic science – the economics of sustainable development.