The discussion about the relationship between culture and economy is becoming increasingly relevant in the scientific community due to the presence of a significant number of developing countries subject to the path dependence effect. There is theoretical and empirical evidence of the influence of individual cultural factors on economic development, as well as models for overcoming cultural barriers when carrying out institutional reforms. At the same time, culture is still not considered as a holistic tool for stimulating economic development. The purpose of the article is to form a systemic theoretical concept of cultural transformation as a factor of economic growth based on the principles of institutional theory. The study for the first time defines cultural transformation, substantiates the importance of its inclusion in the analysis as an independent factor of economic development and offers measurable tools for influencing it. The conclusions of the article expand the theoretical framework of economic science, form a new tool for stimulating the economy and have the potential to solve the problem of the path dependence effect, allowing developing countries to achieve high rates of economic growth and well-being of the population.

The paper is devoted to using the procurement regulated procurement as the instrument of the economic policy structural component. The paper emphasizes that public procurement sector, traditionally being a component of macroeconomic policy, also has the potential to solve many problems within the framework of structurally determined development of the national economy. Based on an analysis of policy documents at both the national and international levels, economic policy programs that are actively and successfully implemented in world practice through public sector procurement are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the mechanisms used to stimulate innovation activity through the procurement system, and some problematic aspects of this area in Russian practice are highlighted.

The article traces the transformation of China's energy strategy in the post-war period. The policy documents of the People's Republic of China concerning the development of the country's energy sector are systematized, the degree of their practical implementation is analyzed, and the level of achievement of the country's Sustainable Development Goals in the field of energy is assessed.

The restructuring of the energy sector that has occurred over the past 20 years is reflected in a decrease in the share of coal generation due to an increase in the share of natural gas and renewable energy sources in the country’s energy balance. In addition, the efficiency of using energy resources is growing, as evidenced by the rate of decline in the energy intensity of the economy. The results of the study confirm China's progress towards increasing the efficiency of use of energy resources in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.

The purpose of this work is to describe approaches to taking into account transitional climate risks to analyse the work of transitional climate risks’ channels on the value of companies in order to structure approaches and take into account direct and indirect effects. For this purpose, key drivers were identified that influence economic agents and specific financial indicators of companies. Specific channels were also collected and described, taking into account the complex simultaneous influence of various factors.

Thus, as part of the analysis, it was found that in the context of the sustainable development and the increase of public attention to the problem of global warming and the carbon intensity of economy, there is a growing need for companies to understand their contribution. The emergence of a new type of risks affecting the value of a company requires economic agents to monitor and assess transitional climate risks. This is the first step towards developing a strategy to mitigate such risks to reduce financial losses for companies in the long term.

Urban green spaces provide a wide range of services, varying from recreational to ecosystem. Due to the densification of buildings and urbanization in Moscow, there is a reduction in the area of green spaces. This trend increases the value of existing plantings and, as a result, may affect the price of real estate located within walking distance of such objects. Does the presence of urban green spaces within walking distance affect the cost of housing? Does the effect differ depending on their size? Does the effect differ for housing from different price categories? These are the main questions considered in this study. To identify the corresponding effects, the influence of the division and size of green spaces on the cost of apartments in Moscow was analyzed. It has been found that the effect is present indeed and varies both by price categories and by the size of green spaces. The results proof the value of urban green spaces and the services they provide to consumers. Moreover, they allow for evaluation of the effect of current development policies in Moscow and provide insights for further high-quality urban planning.

The article examines the demographic situation since 1989. until 2022. Today the demo-graphic situation looks much worse than in the neighboring republics of the North Caucasus. The dynamics of population decline tends to increase annually. Migration processes and employment are the main key problems in the republic. Based on the current demographic picture, as well as the disappointing forecast of the Federal State Statistics Service of the «estimated population size» until 2036 (a decrease of 6.1% relative to 2022) according to the average option, we believe that in this case the influence of socio-economic development the natural and mechanical movement of the population is evident. In our opinion, to stabilize the demographic situation in the medium term, an effective demographic policy, taking into account regional characteristics (culture, traditions, family customs), with a transition from extensive forms of management to intensive ones, is necessary.

Today, online dating services are one of the most popular ways to find a romantic partner in many Western countries. Such services allow you to expand the pool of possible partners and concentrate the search for a partner on certain criteria. The popularity of online dating services among Russian students is not obvious in Russian scientific discourse. This study is aimed at identifying the main methods of dating and analyzing the influence of the demographic characteristics of Russian students on them. A survey of 3838 students from 46 regions of the Russian Federation was con-ducted. At the first stage, probabilistic models with 8 methods of acquaintance were built. At the second stage, based on factor analysis, methods of acquaintance were grouped. The following results were obtained: 1) women are more likely to use online dating services; 2) gender does not affect the likelihood of using traditional (offline) dating methods; 3) the popularity of online dating services grows with the age of the student; 4) students from regional universities more often meet through online services.

There are definitely 2 trends in the world population now: with a widespread increase in life expectancy and a drop in the birth rate, the dependency ratio of the elderly is growing. Active Ageing programs help older people, whose share in the global population is steadily growing, to stay in the labour market, to lead an independent and healthy (or healthier) life.

Active Aging Index allows you to quantify how much a country has succeeded in the field of developing Active Ageing programs. It is calculated for 28 countries and provides recommendations for the policymakers of these countries to improve conditions for Active Ageing and implement appropriate programs. The calculation method is universal and can be applied in any country. With the help of econometric analysis, this article will consider possible "keys to success" in the parameters of the Index.

Examples of his criticism will also be given. According to calculations, of the factors selected for the analysis, the "opportunity factor" of implementing programs, GDP per capita, and not the "need factors" of these programs related to the number of elderly population has the greatest impact on the Active Ageing Index.

This publication represents the first part of the work on the impact of the G20 on employment and labor market development.

The G20 plays a significant role in shaping coordinated vectors of economic and social policies among its member countries. Rising income inequality, job insecurity, and the impact of techno-logical progress on employment have underscored the social and political significance of labor markets. There is an increasing need within countries to regulate labor markets undergoing processes of automation, the use of artificial intelligence, and other technological advancements. This article analyzes the ten-year experience of the G20 in developing labor markets and employment. It provides an overview of the topics addressed during this period and lists the decisions taken by the G20. An attempt is made to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the impact of these decisions on the labor markets of participating countries. It illustrates how the main indicators of the labor market in the participating countries changed during the period from 2013 to 2023. It concludes that the average indicators for G20 countries showed positive dynamics, corresponding to the decisions made by the G20, while the indicators for individual countries were much more diverse. This diversity is explained by the various socio-economic differences among the participating countries. The forecast for the further directions of the G20's impact on labor markets suggests that the importance of the G20 in the development of the labor sphere and employment will not diminish. However, it is probably premature to discuss an increase in the significance of the decisions made and their impact on the situation in the countries.

Improvement of the corporate culture is one of the urgent tasks of many social institutions. The importance of the stated problem is due to the influence of corporate culture on the quality of customer service, which is the key task of the institutions under study, since the organizations presented for research are designed to serve people with sincere concern for them. The purpose of the presented research is to develop and recommend a set of measures aimed to improve corporate culture for implementation in social institutions. For a comprehensive study of the issues, the work is based on scientific research by Russian and foreign experts in the field of corporate culture. Also, this research relies on the case studies of the activity of social institutions in a separate region of the Russian Federation. As a result, the work presents a set of measures to improve the corporate culture of social institutions, which will help to increase the level of satisfaction of internal and external customers. In addition, these measures will contribute to the effective development of these organizations with a high level of customer service.

The formation and development of economic theory in Russia is most directly based on political economy as the basis of general economic theory. The article shows how historically this process coincided with the establishment of the Department of Political Economy at Moscow University on November 5, 1804. Since then, the department has shown itself to be a leading center for the development of Russian economic science and education. The staff of the department at all historical stages of the development of the Russian state, the world economy and economic science actively participates in solving theoretical and practical problems of our Fatherland. The article has two main parts. At the beginning, the period of activity of the department until 2014 is presented, and then the achievements of the department over the past decade are revealed.